Conservation of Energy states that energy can nither be created or destroyed, it can only be converted. This rule applys to roller coaster. When the roller coaster travels up a hill, it converts kinetic energy to potential energy; when it accelerates down the lift hill, potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.
Therefore, after an initial input of energy (carrying the roller coaster up the lift hill), then the roller coaster can just coast for the rest of the ride.
However, not all energy are totally converted to kinetic energy or potential energy during the ride. Since there is friction between the wheels of the roller coaster and the rail, heat and sound energy are also produced in the progress. Due to the energy loss, the heights of loops and the should be lower than the previous ones since the roller coaster carries less and less energy during the ride.
There are more information about roller coaster in the following website.
http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/211_fall2002.web.dir/Shawna_Sastamoinen/Roller_Coasters.htm
My favourite roller coaster is... Space Mountain. I just enjoy playing roller coaster in COMPLETE DARKNESS and you never know what's coming next.
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